Railway road-bed, track, and rail construction.



V J. N. 1). BROWN. RAILWAY ROAD BED, TRACK, AND RAIL CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED JULY13, 1911.

Patented NOV. 14, 1911.

-25 construction being hereinafter clearly set fit i ATiin FATENT @FFIGE.

7 JOHN N. 1). BROWN, 01? ANADARKG, OKLAHOMA. RAILWAY ROAD-BED, TRACK, .AND RAIL CONSTRUCTION.

Lt tlthtffi. Specification of Letterslatefit- Patented Nov. 14, 1911. Application filed July 13, 1911. Serial No. 638,272.

b all tr/ mm.- ii' In 113 concern Be it known that I, Jonx- LT. D. BROWN,

a citizen of the United States, residing at tnadarko, in the county of addo and State of ()klahonia, have invented new and use iul Improvements in Railway Road-Beds. Tracks, andliail Construction, of which the following is a specification.

lily invention relates to railway road-bed, l0 track-and rail construction; and the object of the invention is to adapt areinforced concrete road-bed and track construction with a continuous cushion to use with the present form of rail; to provide means for securing the rails together and holding them in; gage without the use of wood ties; to provide meansfor anchoring the rails to the concrete rail-bases; and further, to provide means by which the rails and cushions can be remoi 'ed and replaced without injuring or destroying any other part of the con struction, and means by which the bolts and nuts used in the construct-ion can-be securely locked in position; the arrangement and l is the rail-the same pattern as that now in general use. v

2 is the bolt that connects the rail and rail tie-rod. V

3 represents the hole that is placed near the end of the tie-rod; a slot in one side of bolt 2 corresponding to this hole provides a passage for the Wire-nut-lock; compressible lead washers of varying thickness are'used to bring the hole in the rod or nut in register with the slot in the bolt; a mark on the head of bolt and nut shows when the hole and slot are in line.

4 represents the enlarged ends of tie-rods that receive bolts 2.

5 represents the widened ends of the lower part of the combined tie-rods and rail-chairs. 6 represents the lip that is turned up at the ends of rail-chairs. s

7 represents the part of rail-chairs, cutfrom the same and turned up and formed for a clamp for the inside of rail-base.

8 represents the. combined tie-rod and connected rail-chairs; these parts, upper and lower (19 and 9) are welded together where they join, forming a single part of the construction,

9 represents the rod connecting the railchairs 5.

10 represents the rod (Fig. 4) that connects the concrete rail-bases and by means of the eyes in the ends of the same, prevents 8b the splitting of the concrete by the wedge [forth and specified.

Figure 1 is a vertical cross-sectional View of the road-bed, track and rail construction. Fig. 2 is a modified form of Fig. 1 in 30 which ballast is used bet-ween the rails in place of concrete, with other minor changes in the construction. Fig. 3 shows the rail and cushion in elevation. Fig. 4 shows the rod that connects the parallel reinforcedshaped keys 23 thatpass throughsaid eyes.

35 concrete rail-bases. The rail anchors pass 11 represents the bolt, with an eye at one through the eyes or loops in the ends of end (same as 33). and a. washer andnut at this rod. Fig. 5 shows the lower part of the the other end, that takes the place of rod combined tie-rod and connected rail-chairs. l0 inFig. 1 and prevents the wedge shaped Fig. (5 shows the pattern of steel-reinforckey from splitting the concrete base.

40 lug-bar recommended. Fig. 7 is a lineal ver- 12 represents the ordinary fish-plate used, tical-sect-ion through the center of the end in the present rail construction. of" Fig, 5 showing the rail-base resting 13 is the nut on the fish-plate bolt. thereon. Fig. 8 is a cross-section of the end 14 represents the wire-nut-lock in posiof tie-rod 19 at the point where the nutf tionbent down so it cannot work out 45 lock-wire passes through it. Fig. 9 is 21 nor can the nut turn or work loose. Come cross-section in the center of the nut of fishpressible lead washers of slightly varying plate bolt showing the wire-nut-lock in pothickness are used, when necessary, back of 1 sition. Fig. 10 is a lineal cut through the the nut or head of the bolt to bring the hole center of a bolt showing a modified wirein the nut and the slot in the bolt in line 50 nut-lock. Fig. 11 is a lineal section through and register.

the center of a common rod coupling. 15 represents a mark (made with a file or Like numerals represent like parts of the cold chisel) on-the endof the bolt showing construction. the position of the slot.

16 represents a markon the head of bolt 12) 1showing the position of the slot in the 17 represents nonconnected rail-chairs placed at intervals between the combined and connected rail-chairs and tie-rods.

18 represents the space (three-eighths of an inch) between the base of the rail and the cushion.

19 represents the tie-rod which, in combination with the,rail-chair rods 9 to which it is united and a part of, clamps the rails together and holds them in gage. member or members would be niainifactured of the proper length, taking into consideration the thickness of the web of the rail and the width of the base of the particular weight of rail to be used, to bring the rails in gage when bolted snugly up. i

20 represents anchor bolts of three-quan ters of an inch round iron or steel with the upper end flattened wedge shape and turned as shown to form a clamp or anchor for the rail. These anchors should be placed at intervals of from four feet to eight feet.

21 represents a plate, some three inches square, embedded in the concrete and forming a nut and anchor for bolt 20.

22 represents an anchor plate of sufficient length to pass under three of the lineal reinforcing bars 25 and forln an anchor for bolt 20. Bolt 20 would thus clamp the rail and reinforcing bars 25 together.

23 represents a wedge shaped key made from three-quarters of an inch round iron or steel and formed as shown. The purpose of this key is to hold anchor bolts 20 up snugly to the rail base; to prevent anchor bolt 20 from turning after it. is screwed down tightly into anchor plate 21 or 22; and, by passing through the eye of bar 10 or bolt 11, to clamp the concrete together and prevent its splitting or cracking.

24: is a three-eighths of an inch steel rein forcing bar.

25 represents three-quarters of an inch steel reinforcing bars.

26' represents the nut and washer on bolt 11. The metal forming member 7 (see Figs. 5 and7), instead of being a separate piece welded on the rail-chair, is cut loose, at one end and both sides (leaving the other end attached) from that part of the chair or plate that is covered by the base of the rail, and then turned up at a right angle to the plate and then forward in a suitable manner to engage the base of the rail. 27 represents the place from which the metal is cut.

5 -represents half circle' depressions formed at intervals in the cushion for the purpose 'of drainage should the rail-chairs be forced down into the cushion until the base of the rail rests on the same.

29 represents conduits for wires used in railway operation.

This

.dug ten to fifteen the character of earth road-bed 'quirements of the construction, and that the 30 represents the continuous cushion of asphalt, sand and oil, or other materials hereinafter specified.

31 represents ordinary concrete-crushed.

stone, sand and cement.

32 represents ordinary railway ballastcrushed stone, gravel, cinders or burnt clay. 33 represents the loop-or eye formed in the end of rod 10.

34 represents thin washers'placed under bolt heads or nuts to bring the hole and slot of bolt and nut in register.

35 represents a plate or chair two ,feet long placed under rail joints.

36' represents a .lineal slot cut in the threaded end of a bolt to receive the nutlock-wire.

37 represents a hole drilled or punched through one side of a nut to receive the nutlock-wire.

38'is a common rod coupling.

To install my constructlon, I would provide that the parallel trenches required be inches deep according to and the rebottom of the trenches be well tamped, and, if the road-bed is soft and spongy, that the trenches be dug deeper and the deeper part filled with dry clay or broken stone; that when so dug plank ofthe proper width be provided in sufficient quantity for one days construction, and that half inch holes be bored in the plank one-half inch deep and one and one-half inches from the bottom of the same, and at intervals of four feet; and. that steel reinforcing bars 24 be cut to seventeen inch lengths, and placed in the above' described holes after the planks are set 111. 't-he.trenches, and earth packed against the bottom of planks on the outside. The planks provided for the inside of trenches should be in two widths,

to complete the width same asthe outside planks; notches in the upper piece would fit over rod 10 or bolt 11.

one to come up to the bottom of rod 10 or bolt 11 and the other Place braces cut to sixteen inch lengths, and with anotch in one side to hold anchor bolts 20 in position, near the top of the parallel planks and wire the planks together at these points. Line and level up the forms thus made to correspond to grade of road-bed and gageof rails and I see that anchor bolts 20'with their accompanying wedge shaped key are inproper position to engage the rail bases; When the forms are complete and secured in position with lineal reinforcing bars 25 and rods orbolts and anchors and anchor keys properly placed and secured, proceed to fill the forms with a good quality of concrete; and before the forms are full, place cushions 30 or wood forms of the same shape in position, out a.

circular notch in the same where the anchor bolts 20 come. After properly placingthe inthe proper position,

finish the concrete and trowel up smoothly on top and around the edges of *the cushion. After the concrete has sufiioiently hardened remove theforms and carry forward for additional use.

As an aid in placing the anchor-bolts 20 I would use a frame or form composed of three-quarter inch by cushion or its form,

- four inch strips, from sixteen feet .to twentyfour feet long secured together by similar strips, at a distance corresponding to; rail bases when rails are properly set and gaged. I would brace'this frame thoroughly so that the longparallel strips would remain straight and rigid. After the frameis properly constructed and braced, cut the cross strips in two in the exact center of frame and hinge them together. Place the center of this frame in line with the tracks in the center stakes of earth road-bed and the outer parts of the frame on top of the inner plank of concrete rail-base forms and place anchor bolts 20 at suitable intervals along the outside of this frame. Raise the frame in the center and slide it forward and place in position for the location of additional anchor bolts.

' When the steel-reinforced-parallel railbases have thoroughly set proceed to place was not placed when constructing the same, andput'the combined tie-rods and connected rail-chairs in position, with the'nonconnected rail-chairs at intervals between them, and proceed to place the rails in the usual manner; put the long rail-chairs 35 under rail joints; place 'fish plates and bolt in position; insert and tighten up bolts 2 and screw down anchor bolts 20. As the construction train backs down tighten up the anchor-bolts before placing key 23.

To avoid any possible chance of bolts or nuts working loose, I would use bolts or nuts made and adapted to the use of a nutlock-wire, as shown by drawings herewith.

In Fig. 1 I have shown concrete between the rails, while in Fig. 2 ordinary ballast is provided for. The concrete between the rails or the ballast can be placed at any time after the road is in operation.

' The cushion 30 should be composed of asphalt, sand and crude oil or oil residuum,

substantially the same as that used for the finlshing coat of asphalt pavement; thismixture should be pressed or rolled sufficiently dry and. firm, so that it would soft or mobile undera temperature of one hundred andten degrees; dry sawdust sat: urated with oil may be used in mixture in place of sand; or small. wood fiber (the size of wheat straw) saturated with .oil and tied in small bundles may be used in combination with the asphalt, sand and oil mixture; or-woodor vegetable pulp saturated with oil as above may be used;

. comparatively common form of rails,

not become the asphalt 'the bottom of t or light porous wood free from knots or hard pitchy spots may be kiln dried and boiled in crude oil and used for the cushion; or any' other resilient material suitable for such a purpose may be used. a v

I provide, in case it is desired to so con struct that the cushion can be removed and renewed at some future time, that common rod-couplings be placed in rod 9 near the railchairs. I

I provide and claim the right to vary the size of the steel reinforcing bars, tie-rods, rail-chairs, anchors, anchor keys' and bolts and the intervals at which they are placed; the thickness, width and local conditions.

Having thus described my invention of a permanent railway structure, without the necessary use of wood or other perishable materials, adapted to use the requiring the use of little additional steel except as reinforcing for the concrete; and provided a simple means-for the rapid xchange of rails and cushions withoutdisl 'bing or injuri'n the concrete structure, wli .t I claim and esire to secure by Letters Patent is clearly set forth in the following claims numbered one to eleveninclusive: I

1. A railway road-bed, track and rail construction in combination with concrete railbases reinforced lineally by parallel steel reinforcing bars wired to short lateral reinforcing bars placed near the bottom of said concrete rail-bases and by conduits placed near the top and outside of said bases; as and for the purpose shown and specified. 2. A railway road-bed, track and rail 00] struction in combination I Ii forced concrete rail-bases of the class shown laterally by steel reinforcing and tie-rods and united and connected by concrete extending continuously between the rails, said central concrete reinforced laterally by tie and gage rods united to the connecting rods of opposing rail-chairs; as and for the purpose shown and specified.

3. A railway road-bed, track and rail construction in combination with concrete railbases of the class shown, specified and claimed steel reinforced laterally and lineally; with anchor plates, having a threaded hole in the same, placed, at intervals, in contact .with the lineal reinforcing bars near e concrete rail-bases; with anchor bolts of round metal with lower ends threaded and upper ends, commencing above the threadedpart, flattened on-one side and turned at the top, from the flattened side, at a suitable angle toengage the bases of the bolts, anchor.

structiondrrcaan placed I near rails; withanchor bolts engaging the bases of the rails and extending down through the concrete rail-bases-and screwing into anchor plates placed nearv the bottom of the same thus clamping the rails to the concrete rail-bases; with wedge'shaped anchor keys, round on one side and hat on the other side wit-h upper ends turned at a suitable angle, extending down into the concrete, with the fiat sides in contact with the fiat sides of the anchor bolts and held snugly thereto by the concreteand by the ends of the metal reinforcing and tie-rods through which they pass; as'and for the purpose shown and specified. i

4. A railway road bed, track and rail connation with parallel steelreinforced concrete ra' -bases: with cushions of resilient'inaterial embe ded, continuously, within and upon concrete rail-bases reinforced by parallel steel reiniorcing bars Wired. to short lateral'steel reinforcing bars the bottom of the concrete bases; with resilient cushions having haltcircle depressions formed at intervals in the top of the same to provide drainage for that part of the road-bed lying between the rails; as and for the purpose shown and specified.

' 5. A railway road-bed, track and rail construction in combination with continuous rail cushions supported by parallel concrete rail-bases reinforced line-ally by parallel steel reinforcing bars wired to lateral reinforcing bars placed near the bottom of the same; with connectedopposing rail-chairs supported by cushions of resilient material;

with opposing rail-chairs formed from oblong steel plates with the outer end turned up at a right angle to receive the outer edges of the bases of the rails and a strip of the metal cut loose, at the outer end and both sides from that part of the rail-cha1r upon which the rails rest, and turned up V andthen'forward in a suitable iranner to receive and secure the inner edges of the bases of the rails: with opposing rail-chairs joined together and held in gage by a metal rod united to and connected with a metal rail-gage and tie-rod and welded to the inner ends ofthe opposing rail-chairs; as and for the purpose shown and specified 6. A railway road-bed, track and rail construction in combination with concrete railbases steel reinforced lineally and laterally by steel reinforcing bars placed near the bottom of said rail-bases; with resilient cushions supported by reinforced concrete rail-bases; with connected opposing railchairs placed at suitable intervals on resilient continumis cushions; with noncon nected rail chairs placed at short intervals I between connected opposing rail-chairs. to furnish additional and closer supports for the bases of the rails; with rails of the common form and pattern resting-on connected and non-connected rail-chairs, the inner edges of the bases of the rails secured by the connected railchairs and the outer edges of the bases securely anchored to the reinforced concrete sub-structures bysuitable anchor bolts; with reinforcing tie-rods placed in the concrete rail-bases, immediately under the cushions carried by the same, and extending laterally from one anchor bolt to an opposing anchor bolt and which, by means of the eyes in the ends of the same through which the anchor bolts and, anchpr keys pass, hold the anchor bolts up snugly to the rail-bases and prevent the same turning therefrom; with anchor bolts and anchor keys so constructed and placed that by pulling out the anchor keys and turning the anchor bolts :1 quarter turn the outer edge of the base of the rail is released; as and for the purpose shown and specified.

T. The combination, in railway roadbed', track and rail construction, of parallel concrete rail-bases steel reinforced lineally near the bottom of the same by parallel steel reinforcing bars wired to short lateral reinforcing bars; with cushions of resilient matcrial embedded, continuously, in reinforced concrete rail-bases; with connected and nonconnected' rail-chairs resting upon continuous resilient cushions; with rails of a usual form and pattern resting on rail-chairs supported by continuous cushions of resilient material; with opposing rails bound to. gcther and held in gage by combined tie and gage rods united to rods connecting and holding in gage opposing rail-chairs; with combined reinforcing tie and gage rods'with threaded holes in the center of the enlarged ends where they abut against the webs of the opposing rails, with suitable bolts to pass through holes in the webs of the rails and screw into the threaded holes in the enlarged ends of the combined tie and gage rods, se airing and clain 'iing the rails to the rods; with tie and gage rods united to and a part of tie and gage rods connecting opposing rail-chairs. which combination of rods and rail-chairsiuiites and holds in gage the opposing rails: with anchor bolts of suitable design and length placed, at intervals of reasonable length, on the outside of the cushions to clamp, secure and unite the rail structure to the reinforced concrete substructures; as and for the purpose shown and specified. I

8.The combination, in railway road-bed, track and rail constructiomof parallel con crterail-bases steelreinforced near the botcouplings provided to place'in said rods ncoaoeo 3 near the rail-chairsto adjust the gage of the bases of the rails and cant the rails, slightly,

towardthe center of the track, when desired to so construct, and to provide means for removing the connected rail chairs without disturbing the central concrete and by the use of sald rod-couplings providinga means for changing the cushions when perishable majterials are used for the same; as and for the le -purpose shown and specified.-

- 9. A railway road-bed, track and rail on- Ts-truction 1n combination with continuous.

parallel concrete rail-bases steel reinforced lineally and laterally near the bottom of the sameto prevent the-pulling apart or cracking of the concrete when subject to the strain of heavy. trafiic with suitable cushions continuous-with..-the concrete rail-bases to prov1de -nec essa 'ry.- resilience for thesteel rails ends of the same, the enlarged ends of the in the bolts, a nut-lock wire bemg provided} to pass through the hole in the 'rod and en gage the slot in the bolt, thin compressible lead washers being provided to use under the heads of the bolts to bring the hole inand retard-ithe tendency to crystallization of the steel and to prevent the gradualdisintegrati'onjofthe concrete structure by the impact. andoscillation of heavy 1 tratfic; with suitablej means to prevent thespreading of the rails-by-the gradualfloosening of nuts or bolts, bolts securing the rails to the tie-rods having a half circle slot-across the threaded tie-rods having a lateral hole through one side of the same corresponding to the slot the rod and the slot in the bolt in line and register; as and for the purpose shown and specified. I 10. A railway road-bed, track and rail construction in combination with concrete rail-bases, steel reinforced lineally and laterally near the bottom of the concrete, re-.

sllient continuous cushions carried-thereby,

l .connected and non connected railchairs resting .on said cushions, rails of a common form andpatternresting on said rail-chairs and connected at their abutting ends in .the

usual manner except as;- to the fish-plate bolts, these bolts with their accompanying .nuts being adapted to the use of a nut-lock wire, the threaded ends of the bolts having a half circle slot across the same while the accompanying nuts have a corresponding hole transversely through the same, a nut; lock wire passing through the hole" in the nut and engaging the slot in the bolt prevents the nut from turning or working loose, thin metal washers of slightly varying thickness and a compressible lead washer are used; when necessary, to bring the hole in the nut and the slot in the bolt in line and register; as and for the purpose shown and specified.

11. A railway road-bed, track and rail construction in combination with concrete rail-bases reinforced lineally by parallel steel reinforcing bars wired to short lateral reinforcing bars placed near the bottom of said concrete rail -bases, by conduits placed near the top and outside of the concrete bases and by steel rails. imposed upon rail-chairs resting on resilient cushions at the top of said concrete bases and securely anchored and clamped thereto; with modified fishplate bolts to secure the abutting ends of the rails together, said bolts having a lineal U- shaped slot in the threaded ends-of the same and holes-in their accompanying n'uts extending into the threads and of a size cor- JOHN N. D. ROWN. Witnesses:

SUIT-ER, O. F. STEPHENSON. 

